Reproduction and development is one of the basic characteristics of living things. Through reproduction and development, living things make life in the biosphere continuous and endless.

Reproduction is a biological process that produces new offspring of biological individuals from their “parents.” Reproduction is an essential feature of all known lives; each individual organism exists as a result of reproduction. There are two forms of reproduction: asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction.

Development refers to the development of life phenomena, the change of an organism from its life to maturity, and the process of self-construction and self-organization of biological organisms.