Exosomes is a small vesicular structure widely distributed in peripheral blood, urine, saliva, ascites, amniotic fluid and other body fluids. It can be secreted by any tissue or cell, and the exosomes from different cells carry different components like DNA, RNA, proteins, and lipids, which may confer a variety of biological functions on exosomes, such as cellular immunity, cancer development, and potential biomarkers. In recent years, exosome sequencing and functional studies have gradually become a new research hotspot.